Good morning. I opened the government selection screen but I can' t figure out what is the meaning of the second government effect of Federation: 

" +1 system before overcolonization penalty per hero supporting a leading political party on empire"

Does this mean that the player have a bonus of one system before reaching the limiit of number of systems that can be colonized if there is a hero supporting the main political party (that is the one with more representation on senate) ?  

Concerning Democracy, does the second effect "-10% of influence costs on law upkeep per political party represented among the active laws" mean that the decrease in upkeep is only valid if  the type (ecologists, militarists, scientists, etc)  of current political parties is the same of the active laws?

fed example:

yo got 5 military heroes, there is military party in senate, boom +5 overcolonization cap, pretty balanced, right

demo:

For simplicity abstract from parties, focus on the laws, for each different "colour"(laws with ukpeep) among active laws you get -10%

1 - 10%

2 - 20%

3 - 30%

4 - 40%

Democracy upkeep reduction is valid basically all the time even with single party law, you are already at 10%
I believe it also scales with the academy effect, thus you can have laws from up to 4 parties up for a whopping -40% reduction even though you can only have 3 parties in senate.
But usually you will be at 20 - 30%

so basically, the governments effects stack with each other, right? generally speaking, do effects stack in the game?